Nigute Wapima neza Track Gauge kugirango wirinde kwambara gari ya moshi idasanzwe|QLRailwayMachine

Nigute Wapima neza Track Gauge kugirango wirinde kwambara gari ya moshi idasanzwe

Kugumana igipimo gikwiye - intera iri hagati yisura yimbere yimbere ya gari ya moshi ebyiri - nikintu cyibanze cyo gucunga ibikorwa remezo bya gari ya moshi. Ibipimo by'ibipimo bidahwitse birashobora gutuma habaho uruziga rutaringaniye -, bigatuma gari ya moshi yihuta kandi idasanzwe, kongera umuvuduko wo kuzunguruka, amafaranga menshi yo kubungabunga, ndetse n'ingaruka za gari ya moshi. Iyi ngingo irasesengura siyanse yibipimo byo gupima, uburyo bwiza bwo kumenya ukuri, nuburyo ikusanyamakuru ryuzuye rigira uruhare runini muri gari ya moshi ndende -.

Isano Hagati ya Gauge Kutibeshya no Kwambara Gariyamoshi idasanzwe

Kwambara gari ya moshi idasanzwe - nko kuzunguruka ku nkombe, gukonjesha, cyangwa gupima inguni yacitse - akenshi bituruka ku kudahuza inzira ya geometrie. Iyo igipimo gitandukanije nubushushanyo bwacyo, imbaraga zegeranye kumuziga ziyongera cyane. Ibi bihatira uruziga guhora ruhuza isura ya gari ya moshi, bigatera kwambara cyane kuri gari ya moshi ndetse no kuzenguruka.

Igishushanyo 1: Ikiziga - imikoranire ya gari ya moshi munsi yikigereranyo cyukuri, cyerekana kwambara bidasanzwe.

Nkurikije ubushakashatsi bwakozwe naUbuyobozi bukuru bwa gari ya moshi (FRA), ndetse no gutandukana kwa mm 3-5 kurenza kwihanganira bisanzwe birashobora kongera igipimo cyo kwambara kugera kuri 40% mugihe. Kubwibyo, gupima ibipimo bihamye kandi byukuri ntabwo arikibazo cyo kubahiriza - ni ishoramari ritaziguye kuramba kumutekano no mumikorere.

Ikurikiranwa rya Gauge hamwe no kwihanganira

Mugihe igipimo gisanzwe cya gari ya moshi nini ni 1,435 mm (4 ft 8.5 in), kwihanganira biratandukanye bitewe nurwego rwumuhanda, umuvuduko, nububasha. Kurugero, imirongo yihuta - isaba kwihanganira cyane (± 2 mm), mugihe imirongo yo gutwara - yihuta ishobora kwemerera ± 6 mm cyangwa irenga.

Ibipimo ngenderwaho, byasobanuwe naIhuriro mpuzamahanga rya gari ya moshi (UIC), tanga urwego rwemewe kwisi yose yo kubungabunga inzira. Gukurikiza ibyo kwihanganira bituma habaho guhuza ibicuruzwa kandi bikagabanya imbaraga zingirakamaro zigira uruhare mu kwambara.

Imyitozo myiza yo gupima neza igipimo

Ibipimo nyabyo ntabwo bijyanye nigikoresho - gusa kijyanye nuburyo bukoreshwa. Hano haribikorwa bitanu byingenzi kugirango tumenye ibisubizo byizewe:

Igishushanyo 2: Injeniyeri apima inzira yerekana urubuga, yerekana uburyo bukwiye nogukoresha ibikoresho.

1. Koresha ibikoresho bya Calibrated:Haba ukoresheje imashini ya gipima cyangwa sisitemu yo gupima sisitemu, menya neza ko ibikoresho byose bigenda bihinduka buri gihe. Gutandukana na mm 1 mubikoresho byo gupima birashobora gukurura amakosa ya sisitemu murusobe rwose.
2. Igipimo ku burebure busanzwe:Gauge igomba gupimwa mm 14 munsi yumutwe wa gari ya moshi (kuri 56E1 hamwe na profili isa), aho uruziga rukora imikoranire munsi yumutwaro usanzwe. Gupima ahantu hirengeye harashobora kwerekana nabi uruziga nyarwo - imikoranire ya gari ya moshi.
3. Irinde Ahantu Handuye:Umwanda, amavuta, cyangwa igipimo mumaso ya gari ya moshi irashobora kugoreka gusoma. Sukura ahantu hapimwa mbere yo gufata amakuru.
4. Fata Ibisomwa byinshi:Gupima byibuze amanota atatu kuruhande rumwe rusinziriye kandi ugereranije ibisubizo kugirango ubaze ibitagenda neza.
5. Andika Ibidukikije:Ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka ku kwagura gari ya moshi. Kugirango usuzume neza, shyira ubushyuhe bwibidukikije kandi uhindure ibisomwa ukurikije, cyane cyane mubihe bikabije.

Ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima

Kurenga ibikoresho byintoki, gari ya moshi zigezweho zirimo gukoresha sisitemu zikoresha mugukurikirana igipimo gihoraho. Ibipimo byo gupima bidafite imbaraga (IMUs), gushushanya laser, hamwe na GPS - guhuza amakuru byinjira bifasha nyabyo - igihe cyo gusuzuma geometrike ku muvuduko.

Kurugero,Ikigo cy’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi gishinzwe gari ya moshi (ERA)umurongo ngenderwaho urasaba gukoresha ibinyabiziga bifata amajwi kumurongo wa A na B kugirango hubahirizwe ibisobanuro bya tekiniki yo gukorana (TSI). Izi sisitemu ntabwo zitanga amakuru gusa, ahubwo inatanga urwego - urwego, guhuza, no gupima ibipimo, bitanga icyerekezo cyuzuye cyubuzima bwiza.

Kuri QLRailwayMachine, twinzobere mu iterambereinzira ya gari ya moshiihuza byinshi - ibyuma bisobanutse neza hamwe nu mukoresha - software ya gicuti ya real - isesengura ryigihe na raporo. Ibikoresho byacu byashizweho kugirango byuzuze amahame mpuzamahanga kandi dushyigikire ingamba zo kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Umwanzuro: Icyitonderwa nkingamba zo gukumira

Ibipimo nyabyo byo gupima birenze ibikorwa bisanzwe byo kugenzura - ni ingamba zikomeye zo gukumira kwirinda gari ya moshi idasanzwe. Mugukurikiza inzira zisanzwe, ukoresheje ibikoresho byahinduwe, no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, abakora gari ya moshi barashobora kongera ubuzima bwa gari ya moshi, kugabanya inshuro zo kubungabunga, no kongera umutekano.

Gushora mubipimo byuzuye uyumunsi bisobanura muburyo bwo kuzigama no kuzigama ejo hazaza. Mugihe imiyoboro ya gari ya moshi ihura nibisabwa kugirango bikorwe neza kandi birambye, uruhare rwo kugenzura neza geometrike ruzagenda rwiyongera mubyingenzi.

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